Chilli Peppers ( Chilli )

 Chilli peppers ( Chilli )

  
       Chili ( chilli ) is the fruit of various tropical species peppers ( including some varieties of our famous homemade pepper ) with very small fruits that are dried and ground into a powder . Chillies are only 4 cm long , color yellow, green, orange or red , and above all have a hot taste . When the pods are dry and grind receives a cayenne pepper . Name of chili comes from the Spanish word for this type of Chile peppers , since the Spaniards brought to Europe during Columbus' voyage. Patchwork name stems from the time when the chili brought from a Portuguese and Spanish colonies in South America, Inidiji and Africa , where it is still cultivated. Chili peppers belong to the Capsicum family . There are hundreds of species that can be varied in shape, size , color, taste and spiciness , usually red or green. The most popular varieties include cayenne, habanero , chipotle , jalapeno , anaheim , ancho , Hungarian paprika . Only in Mexico, there are more than 150 Jalapenos and banana chilli, which is sometimes called the Hungarian wax peppers are medium hot and juicy . Poblanosi also mean angry , but their meat is so juicy, while the Serranos angry and less juicy . Chili peppers are used as food , spice , and are appreciated because of its medicinal effects .

 Chilli Peppers ( Chilli )

        Chili pepper ( cayenne or cayenne ) - Capsicum frutescens - is a shrub whose mature fruits are extremely red. Originating from South America , but is now mostly grown in Asia. Although most people think of red , Spanish chili pepper, there are a lot of sub- chili peppers, various sizes and colors. Even ordinary peppers belong to this family . Chili is extremely sharp taste , and twenty times stronger than regular hot pepper . The flavor , however, less aromatic and spicy , much paler color . Dander chili peppers comes from a compound called capsaicin , but other than him, and contains high-quality carotenoids, vitamins A and C , and flavoniode.Glavni ingredient that gives specific anger is capsaicin , a substance that has been shown to lower blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood, prevent clotting blood , strengthens the immune system and has aphrodisiac , anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.

 Chilli Peppers ( Chilli )

        The degree of spiciness is expressed in the so-called . Scoville units ( SHU ) . Common pepper has zero SHU , Jalapeno peppers 3000-6000 , while the hottest known chili pepper Jolokia , which is grown in Bangladesh , Northeast Asia and Sri Lanka, and has over 1 SHU milijun.Upotrebljava for salad vegetable dishes , spicy sauce , prayer , in addition to cow's cheese, stews peppers and beans , and important ingredient of the popular Mexican dishes Chili con carne . The energy content of 100 g red chilli peppers is 40 kcal / 166 kJ . Of this 8.8% carbohydrate , 1.87 % protein and 0.4 % fat. Chili peppers contain a variety of minerals , but in quantities below 10 % RDA . Since vitamin is an excellent source of vitamin C ( 143.7 mg which makes 240 % RDA ) and a good source of vitamin K (14 mg which makes 14% of RDA) . Within 100 g chillies located and 1.5 g dietary fiber, 534 mg of beta-carotene , 709 mg of lutein and zeaxanthin .

        American natives since ancient times using chili peppers as a medicine. It is used in Indian Ayurveda and Chinese , Japanese and Korean medicine, to help with digestive problems , to stimulate appetite, muscle pain and frostbite. In Europe and America used preparations for external use - salve, gels and wraps, to reduce pain associated with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, pain in muscles and joints and to improve circulation Capsaicin lowers the temperature , affecting the brain's center for regulation of body temperature . For this reason, in the tropical and subtropical regions people consume cayenne pepper because it helps them to easily withstand the heat.

 Chilli Peppers ( Chilli )

        In outdoor shows strong analgesic effect , relieves pain by destroying the so-called . " Compound P " located in the nerve cells and is responsible for transmission of pain sensation to the brain. This effect is temporary . Chili pepper stimulates blood circulation , lowers blood pressure and cholesterol levels in the blood. Tincture of chili peppers is an effective first aid for a heart attack and bleeding. One teaspoon ( 15 drops ) tincture is diluted in a glass of warm water and a patient every 15 minutes , until the situation calms down . Daily use of tincture strengthens the heart and reduces the risk of heart attack. Digestive , and is used as a means to calm indigestion . Causes sweating , which helps treat colds , sinus problems and fever. Promotes expulsion of mucus from the lungs. Capsaicin soothes migraine and rheumatoid arthritis . Used as a wrap , chili peppers reduce pain in the lower kralježice .

        Capsaicin and other ingredients chili peppers act on : reducing aggregation ( aggregation) of platelets , diabetic neuropathy, post-operative pain ( mastectomy - removal of the breast or amputation ) , muscle pain caused by fibromyalgia , pain caused by Raynaud's disease , the pain of herpes zoster ( neuralgia ) and etc. Although undoubtedly help , creams and gels that contain capsaicin can not cure the primary disease , but only to facilitate state ! Given that the chili pepper extremely irritating , always follow the instructions and do not apply the cream or gel on the affected skin , wounds or mucous membranes. Capsaicin is one of the main ingredients for self-defense sprays . Capsaicin is repellent , and is used in the media against ants and cockroaches . According to some sources, chili pepper helps burn fat . Outdoor use , in the form of gels , balms and lining soothes skin problems and itching in psoriasis .

 Chilli Peppers ( Chilli )

Coconut (Cocos nucifera )

Coconut (Cocos nucifera )

    Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera ) is a woody plant belonging to the family of palm trees that is widespread in tropical regions , especially on the coasts and islands of the Pacific and Indian Ocean . Its name derives from the Greek word coco (grain , fruit ) . Under that name , the coconut palm is known everywhere in the world , and everywhere in the world and used . It is multi-purpose - serves as food and drink as well as clothing , building materials and raw materials for many products of modern industry.

        The fruit can be best utilized. Coconuts are used for food , beverage and oil production. It is located in the fibrous tissue yellowish green to orange brown. Inside coconuts are hard and the current portion , but one should know that the liquid portion of the interior of the coconut is not what we call milk. Coconut milk is produced so that the inside of the coconut grated , and drained by squeezing through cheesecloth into a separate container . Milk can be diluted so that we can get the products of different fats or quality. On the surface of whole milk , creates a cream like on cow's milk . While green, immature nucleus , giving a healthy milk drink rich in potassium and mineral ingredients , and every nut it contains about a liter . Fleshy part of the mature endosperm absorbs it and preserve it . Equally healthy and fresh , but also mixed with boiled water as coconut milk . Dried and grated known as basket and used as flour for bread women from Sri Lanka make it , or as a basis for cookies and cakes, oil, butter .

Coconut (Cocos nucifera )

Coconut (Cocos nucifera )

        Coconut fruit ripens yearly. In the first eight months the fruit is sweet and refreshing, and the meat is sticky and soft. So young coconut served with cut tip to the liquid to drink , and the meat scraped off with a spoon. Chinese avoid drinking a lot of coconut liquid because they think that it disturbs the balance of yin and yang . Coconuts in the raw state contains 3.4% protein and 33.5% fat and plenty of magnesium (43 mg/100 g) , but because lacking in vitamins. Primarily due to the inherent flavor , dry residue is used as an aromatic ingredient for cakes , ice cream and other desserts .

        Even 86 % of calories coconut is in its fat , of which the largest part saturated . In 100 g coconut flour found 690 kcal . Coconut is extremely rich in potassium, phosphorus, magnesium , and has an iron and zinc . Coconut milk is rich in vitamin C and minerals , which makes it extremely suitable for sportiste.Za koštunjavih Unlike other fruits , coconuts has half the calories, but they contain unhealthy saturated fatty acids , and is not suitable for cooking. Butter and other fats from coconut are sometimes used for frying , but the most common use of them in the cosmetic industry .

Coconut (Cocos nucifera )

        Despite the great industrialization in the world , coconut fruit is still picked by hand . On the lower branch of grapes are long poles with blades at the top, where the fruits are cut and fall to the ground . The upper branches are reaping the fruits of skilled people , climbing trees, or harvested specially trained monkeys . No part of the coconut is not thrown , but is used in the manufacture of furniture , dishes , etc.

        It is used in the chemical industry for fine creams , soaps , emulsions , as well as for the production of explosives. Of fibrous particles are obtained solid neither of which was once upredana ropes , woven carpets and built up brushes , and serve today and for making insulating material and car seats are installed in the vehicle " Daimler Chrysler ." Sturdy wooden scales are not just vessels for household and decorative items, but also the material from which the shape buttons and jewelry . Leaves have always been used for as roofing and making knitted crafts , excellent protection from mosquitoes , and is processed in insecticides. Trunks are widely applied as a building material . In addition to beams , they are real , and all types of wall coverings, furniture, and bark is made ​​into rubber .

Coconut (Cocos nucifera )

Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa )

Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa )

    Kiwi fruit is native to southern Asia, and in China more than 2,000 years ago known as medicinal fruit. Today it is mostly grown in New Zealand, which is world's largest producer. Kiwi is the cultivation and planting can be compared with the vines. Kiwi is solid, woody, deciduous plant creepers. The leaves are alternate, and the appearance of pages varies depending on the variety: broad or elongated, oval or heart-shaped. Underside of the leaf is covered using soft hairs. Kivi has male and female flowers on separate individuals. The flowers are single or in inflorescences that grow from the base rate. The flowers are white, 4-5 cm large, pleasant fragrance. The fruits are oval or egg-shaped, long and 8 cm wide and 5 cm. They bark is thin, covered with tiny hairs. They are usually brown, rarely green. The body of the fruit is juicy, glassy, ​​and depending on the variety light to dark green. Kiwi is true almost all kinds of products, wine, pastries, yogurt, ice cream, juices and other preparations. It has a pleasant sour taste.

Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa )

        Kiwi fruit contains the most vitamin C of all known species of fruit. In 100 g of the fruit is about 300 mg of vitamin C, which is almost 30% of the content. Eating kiwi body is supplying large amounts of vitamin C can reduce the risk of heart disease and circulatory system, stroke or cancer. This is supported by a favorable ratio of sodium and potassium. Experts say the vascular system to the corresponding sodium-potassium ratio is very important to the health of the heart. Eating kiwi reduces the amount of triglycerides in the blood by 15%. Moreover thanks to vitamin C may help kiwi and wound healing, maintenance of bone health, iron absorption and health of your teeth and gums.

Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa )

        It also contains about 180 mg of vitamin A, vitamin B1 and B2. It contains nearly 10% of sugar and calcium, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus. Kiwi is still a good source of dietary fiber. Regular andbalanced diet that provides the optimal amount of dietary fiber reduces the elevated amount of cholesterol which ultimately results in a reduced risk of heart disease. Fiber also removes toxins from the colon which is useful in the prevention of colon cancer. Dietary fiber and contribute to the maintenance of blood sugar levels. Kiwi has a positive effect on the health of the digestive system and therefore it helps in achieving a balance between good and bad bacteria in digestion, protects against the harmful effects of the enzyme in the lower alimentary canal that can cause cancer.

         Some nutritionists believe kiwi is a "superfruit". Why is this so? Kiwi has the ideal balance between the minimum number of calories and maximum healing effect on the body. Exotic look and taste a little hidden treasure of various vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients that joint action can protect our body against many diseases of the modern world, which is confirmed by numerous studies. Kiwi demonstrated ability to protect DNA from the harmful effects of oxygen. This action is not solely attributable to known antioxidants vitamin C and beta-carotene, but also a variety of flavonoids and carotenoids in the kiwi.

Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa )

         Medicinal ingredients in Kiwi make it an excellent protector against the symptoms of respiratory diseases such as asthma. Kiwi owned and antimutagenic properties. In vitro studies have shown that an extract of kiwi has the ability to inhibit melanoma (skin cancer). Some studies show that due to chlorophyll Kiwi shows the ability to inhibit liver cancer. Inositol, a sugar alcohol that is naturally found in kiwi yet another in a series of interesting medicinal ingredients. It was found that may be useful for treating depression, still plays a positive role in regulating diabetes and associated complex processes with hormones and neurotransmitters. In China energy drinks based on Kiwis is a good substitute for the lost minerals during training in hot climates, and besides kiwi improves muscle activity because it protects against oxidative stress. Can help calm the stress because it contains relatively high amounts of serotonin. However, in the end it should be stressed that the kiwi has its downside, too much consumption of kiwi can cause allergy.

        If the kiwi slightly soft, meaning that it is ripe and sweet. Be sure to avoid buying fruits which are very soft and peel them wrinkled, damaged or contains dark spots. Given that kiwi can ripen standing, you can buy a solid immature fruit and leave them 3-5 days at room temperature away from sunlight and heat. The world's largest producers of kiwi as Italy, New Zealand and Chile. Followed by France, Greece, Japan, Iran, the U.S., Canada and Cambodia. On the market there are several types of kiwi, so there are Abbott, Monty, Bruno, Alison, of Hayward female varieties, and Matua, tumors, and KlonM1 KlonM2 than male plants.

Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa )

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus )

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus )

     Watermelon, and perhaps the first question that we get is where to put it, into fruits or vegetables, well in my case in fruit. Yet it is one of the rare vegetable that is often considered the fruit as it is very sweet, and people often use it as a treat. There are many misconceptions that watermelon is fruit, because it is used most often as a treat and is very sweet. A simple rule that says that these vegetables is that it is a fruit of annual plant, which is the rule of vegetables. All the fruits of which are used as food and to be planted each year are veggies. Fruit is the fruit of perennial plants, which can not be planted every year. This is a fundamental difference between fruits and vegetables, along with the fact that watermelon is only one kind of pumpkins that anyway is vegetables.

        It belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae which are classified as cucumbers and zucchini. Typical for the summer months, when it's the best quality . Round or oval fruit is dark green or light green bark with stripes while the inner part of the juicy, pink to red in color with a thin, black, edible seeds. It originates from South Africa, cultivation of plants begins in Egypt (seeds were found in the tomb of Tutankhamen), continues to spread to the Mediterranean, to China, where they are grown from the 10 th century.

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus )

        High water content makes it an ideal fruit dessert on hot summer days. Consumer research revealed that the watermelon is nutritious food and a healthy snack. Among the nutrients melons are especially interesting phytonutrients such as antioxidants most notably vitamin C, beta-carotene and lycopene then. These very powerful antioxidants prevent the harmful effects of free radicals on the body. Free radicals can worsen diseases such as asthma clogged airways, oxidized cholesterol that becomes sticky and binds to the wall, which can have very serious consequences, such as heart attack or stroke. Harmful effects of free radicals can lead to diseases such as arthritis or damage to cells of the colon and stimulate the development of cancer.

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus )

       Numerous studies have shown that antioxidants such as vitamin C and beta-carotene can be very effective to prevent adverse effects on the way to neutralize radicals. Vitamin C also helps in maintaining the function of the connective tissue, is involved in processes that promote wound healing and stimulates the immune system. One role is in the process of utilization of iron in the body. Lycopene is also a highly effective antioxidant that gives the red color to tomatoes, watermelon and pink grapefruit. Most research on lycopene was conducted on humans, not laboratory animals. These studies have established the protective role of lycopene in several types of cancer (lung, breast, prostate and other types). Lycopene protects cells from oxidative damage and thus participates in the process of protecting cardiovascular system.

        An interesting component of watermelon is an amino acid citrulline, which is converted in the body to another amino acid arginine which complex processes of metabolism affects the pressure reduction and relaxation of the blood vessels. Arginine improves insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes who are insulin resistant. Energy value of 100 g watermelon is small and is 30 kcal / 127 kJ. From that contains 7.55% carbohydrates, 0.61% protein and 0.15% fat . Watermelon 100 g contains 0.4 g dietary fiber, 4.5 mg lycopene and 303 mg of beta-carotene.

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus )

        When buying a whole watermelon select the one whose weight corresponds to its size, and the bark is smooth and not too bright. Hit it through her fingers sound should not be hollow. Side where the watermelons lying on the ground during ripening should be yellowish in color, not white or green, because it is an indication that it was harvested prematurely, which will negatively affect the texture, flavor and juiciness watermelon. If you buy sliced ​​watermelon pay attention to the color and freshness of the fruit. Watermelon refrigerate whole or sliced ​​to seven days. Sliced ​​watermelon wrap with plastic wrap to prevent it from drying out and absorbing odors of other foods.

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus )

Strawberry (Fragaria)

Strawberry (Fragaria)

    Strawberry (Fragaria) is a genus of plants belonging to the family rose from a dozen species, of which almost all are distributed in the northern temperate zone, and one in Chile. The lower leaves of plants are composed of three hens. Flower  is white, and the fruit red. Of white flowers develop collective fruit (strawberry) . Wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is widespread in temperate Europe and temperate Asia, and is endemic in and out of the area. Cultivation have grown very large and red strawberries. From the garden strawberry known as pineapple strawberry with big fruit and sweet and sour taste.

Strawberry (Fragaria)

        Strawberry is one of the most popular small fruits, and its fruits come in early spring. Can be planted even at smallest surface, because strawberries provides not only a tasty fruit, but for the beauty of the flower and fruit of a garden ornament.

        Folic acid is a water-soluble vitamin B-9, important in the creation of blood and participates in the metabolism of amino acids. Lack of this vitamin in the diet causes fatigue and anemia, and inadequate intake of folate also increases the risk of colon cancer. Folic acid is the synthetic form of folate that can be taken as a vitamin supplement or fortified foods such vitamin. When found in foods as a natural ingredient, called folate, and most of it include strawberries, oranges, green leafy vegetables and asparagus.

Strawberry (Fragaria)

       Vitamin C from food acts as a powerful antioxidant that reducing the risk of some types of cancer: mouth, throat, stomach, colon and lung. Demonstrated greater efficacy of vitamin C naturally contained in foods such as strawberries, than taken as a vitamin supplement (supplement), which is associated with the interaction of vitamin C and other ingredients in foods.

        Antioxidants provide protection body by destroying free radicals, which damage cells and contribute to the development of cancer and heart disease, and accelerate the aging process. The content of antioxidants in strawberries are seven times higher than in apples or bananas and two times higher than in oranges or grapes. Plant phenols include flavonoids and phenolic acids. They are found in almost every fruit, vegetables and grains, and significantly affect the stability and properties of food (flavor and color). In addition, plant phenols have an important role in preventing the oxidation of fat in the body.

Wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca)

         According to Pyramid proper diet, it is recommended to take 2-4 servings of fruit a day. As a unit of meals is taken 8 strawberry medium size, which is approximately 150 g Energy value per unit is 50 kcal meal. Strawberries are an excellent source of folate (one meal of strawberries provides 20% of the recommended daily requirement) and vitamin C (one meal of strawberries provides 140% of the recommended daily requirement), and contain plant phenols, along with antioxidants, reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease. Are a good source of dietary fiber - one meal provided 16% of the recommended daily requirement. Dietary fiber are beneficial to the digestive system, lowers blood cholesterol, reduce the risk of heart disease and protect against colon cancer.

        Strawberries can be bought in measuring cups or to desired weight in supermarkets and markets. When buying consider the following: have a stalk and mature, juicy and red fruits with no white or green tops. Unwashed strawberries keep up to two days. Washed strawberries can be frozen by placing them in a single layer on a platter, sprinkling sugar and allow it to freeze. Only then store them in plastic bags. Since the fruit contains a high percentage of water and delicate aroma components, their preservation in the form of difficulty and use them for sauces and ice cream within 12 months.
Some types of strawberries are:
Asieta - earliest variety, has an oblong shape of the fruit and is very fertile, the fruit is sweet and aromatic.
Asiropa - medium matures early, fruit shape is conical, yield is abundant, the taste is sweet and very aromatic.
Astin - ripens later than asirope, has firm flesh, on good soil is very large, and the yield is abundant.
Seligra - the most expensive variety, the average fruit weight is 100 grams, it is very fertile and one bush gives over 1 kg of fruit, the size of the fruit, such as tangerines, harvest lasts about a month.

Strawberry (Fragaria)

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )

        Blueberry is a deciduous shrub with node-like stems and roots slavish. It grows in acidic soil hilly deciduous and coniferous forests and reaches ... height up to 50 cm. The leaves are egg-shaped and finely toothed, and the flowers are bell-shaped and light pink color. The fruit is a blue-black berry size of a pea, which is topped with round recessed. Blooms from April to October, and the fruits ripen in August. The leaves, which have medicinal properties, are harvested before flowering. The world's largest breeder is the U.S. (75% of total world production refers to North America). For growing blueberries is necessary to provide land with acidic soil (unless this is necessary to add sawdust or wood chips evergreen trees), with plenty of sun and moisture and protection from the wind and the 2500 biennial seedlings per hectare.

        Blueberries are an excellent source of vitamin C, and are rich and minerals such as potassium, calcium and phosphorus. Blue blueberries comes from anthocyanins, an antioxidant. Foods rich in antioxidants reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease and circulatory system. Blueberries are rich in dietary fiber and, particularly pectin, which is water soluble, and is beneficial in lowering blood cholesterol. Blueberries contain 100 g of about 84% water, 0.74 g protein, 14.49 g carbohydrates, 0.33 g fat, 2.4 g dietary fiber. Energy value is 57 kcal or 238 kJ per 100 g excellent source of vitamin C, as well as a serving of blueberries (150 g) provides 41% of the recommended daily requirement. In addition, taking large amounts of vitamin C in the form of supplements can cause digestive disorders and is therefore better to take food rich in vitamin C. Since minerals are rich in potassium, calcium and phosphorus.

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )

        Blueberry leaves also have medicinal properties. They are rich in tannins, glycosides and flavonoids. Used against the formation of uric acid and to treat stomach cramps, coughs and diabetes. Tea leaves from blueberries is served in folk medicine for diarrhea, inflammation of the mouth and throat, diabetes, accelerating hair growth (rubbing of the scalp), but also in the preparation of coating. The leaves are effective only if they are wrinkled before the berries matured, after that they have no medicinal value. Vitamin C from food acts as a powerful antioxidant that, except that it has a positive effect in the case of colds, asthma and other diseases, reducing the risk of some types of cancer: mouth, throat, stomach, esophagus, colon and lung. Also, blueberries act antibacterial with inflammatory digestive and carminative.

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )

        Blue color in blueberries comes from anthocyanins - a known antioxidant. Foods rich in antioxidants as we already said reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease and circulatory system. Blueberries are rich in dietary fiber and, particularly pectin, which is water soluble, and is beneficial in lowering cholesterol in blood.  Demonstrated greater efficacy of vitamin C naturally contained in the ingredient than taken as a vitamin supplement (supplement), which is connected with each other by joint action of vitamin C and other ingredients in foods.

        Fresh blueberries are dark blue in color, and their area is "hazy". "Hazy" surface is a sign that the fresh blueberries. If they are fresh and undamaged, while shaking will be free to roll. Blueberries are the least perishable of all berries (raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, etc.). The refrigerator can keep from 10-14 days. Before placing remove crushed or moldy berries, but they do not do as follows. Excess blueberries can be frozen. Arrange the berries on a tray, and then put them in the freezer. When frozen, transfer them to a freezer bag. Frozen blueberries can keep 10-12 months. Before eating or cooking fresh blueberries should be cleaned of any leaves, rinse under running water and dry it with absorbent cloth. Blueberries can be eaten fresh with the addition of sugar, ice cream, or with other fruits in fruit salads or want, and from them the products and fruit juices, syrups and wine.

Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus )